Sapphire Windows | Quality Windows From Analytical Components
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These windows can come in many different precise shapes and sizes, with different coatings and grades depending on the use, which is why it is important to know what application the sapphire will fulfill in what measurements before ordering.
Custom Sapphire Windows
Tailored to your needs, our Custom Sapphire Windows offer unparalleled durability and scratch resistance for your projects. Whether you are in need of wholesale quantities or searching for specific dimensions, request a quote contact today to experience the benefits for yourself.
Choose the perfect size and thickness for your application with our range of Rectangular Sapphire Windows. Request a custom quote for precision-crafted windows with exceptional sapphire optical clarity.
Choose precision and reliability with our Circular Sapphire Windows. Request a custom quote today for durable windows that deliver exceptional performance.
Our Square Sapphire Windows provide superior optical clarity and chemical resistance for a range of applications. Contact us for a custom quote and discover today.
Our Large Sapphire Windows offer exceptional optical clarity and scratch resistance, engineered for even the most demanding applications. Contact us to request a quote for your project today.
These windows are precise, clear windows made of sapphire rather than silica. This material is popular because of its stability in environments where thermal, optical, and mechanical wear resistance is most important (1).
Sapphire Type Creation and Cut
These custom sapphire stones are created through a process called hydrothermal synthesis which closely mimics natural formations of sapphire. This process subjects a “seed crystal” of sapphire to intense levels of artificial heat and pressure in a laboratory setting which causes the synthetic sapphire crystal to expand in the expected crystalline form and material.
Sapphire windows are created from this uncoated material, which is then cut into sapphire rods then sliced into thin discs, which are then ground, polished, and layered according to the necessary specifications.
Coated and Uncoated
Depending on the application, sapphire may also be coated with certain materials and accessories to accommodate particular industrial needs, such as anti-reflective (AR) coating for optical clarity in glasses, telescopes, and microscopes.
The process for creating this window is much more involved than that of conventional glass, but the benefits sapphire provides are well-worth the extended effort and time it takes to produce.
Sapphire is extremely durable, resistant to scratches, scrapes, dents, impacts, and many other damages that might otherwise break conventional silica glass. Pound for pound, sapphire can withstand more than quartz, which is also known for its durability.
The sapphire used in these windows is synthetically grown in a laboratory which helps speed up the process and availability of the end component, while preserving many natural sources of sapphire.
The high mechanical strength and extremely durable structural integrity of sapphire means that these windows are ideal for high-pressure applications. They are also scratch-resistant, easy to disinfect, and chemically inert up to 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit, making sapphire ideal for long-term use in a variety of applications.
This material is second only to diamond in terms of strength, and sapphire provides more scratch resistance and durability than diamond in most applications. Sapphire is often chosen for its longevity and durability, particularly in optical applications, as it outlasts fused silica and quartz with a like range of transmission from UV to mid-IR.
Able to withstand temperatures of 3,600 degrees Fahrenheit, the sapphire glass makes a great observation barrier to high heat applications such as furnaces and high-temperature equipment.
On the other end of the thermal scale, these windows sapphire outperform copper at cryogenic temperatures, which is anywhere between -200- and -300-degrees Fahrenheit.
How Strong Are Sapphire Windows?
On a hardness scale, sapphire is the second hardest mineral next to diamond. It is prized for its scratch resistance and durability, but exactly how strong is a sapphire window?
Sapphire can withstand much more than what quartz or conventional glass can while providing a higher degree of clarity than these materials.
The compressive strength of these custom made windows typically reaches around 2,000 mega Pascals, which makes sapphire roughly ten times stronger than stainless steel.
Sapphire can also be used in applications where abrasive materials are present without significantly damaging the overall optical clarity due to the optical filters, making it useful in aerospace windows and drilling vision systems.
Lastly, sapphire is durable and resistant to scratches, abrasion, and temperature, even in chemical applications, meaning this material could be used for years without it needing to be replaced.
Because of these qualities, many sources consider sapphire stock to be one of the topmost versatile and robust products for industrial use, particularly with its ability to be custom created according to manufacturer specs.
What Are Sapphire Windows Used For?
Sapphire windows have been used in almost any industry application imaginable, with each application different in its needs. Industries utilize sapphire windows as components for tools and equipment, pieces in a final product, and safety equipment for employees.
This material may also be shaped for custom applications and gently curved to accommodate magnification and shape molding. Below is a list of some of the more popular everyday uses for windows:
Commercial Uses: Laser Optics to Airplanes
Commercial ovens and furnaces often need viewports, but conventional glass is too weak to withstand the high-temperature applications. Because of sapphire’s spectacular ability to withstand a wide range of temperatures hot and cold, it is often used in these applications, as well as in cryogenics. Sapphire also allows ion lasers to pass through efficiently with minimal arc for use in laser optics.
Sapphire may also be used in custom lasers and drilling optics, in high-pressure manufacturing, and as safety shields for workers. The sapphire’s unique resistance to abrasion, impacts, and high temperatures come into play in each of these applications.
Additionally, commercial jets and airplanes utilize sapphire window glass in place of regular vehicle glass to help protect the interior, keeping the cabin pressurized and reducing the risk of abrasive scratching and any debris impact.
Military Uses: Combat Protection to Submarines
The military is one of the most common places to find sapphire glass in use, as no other industry requires products known for their reliability and durability like the military does.
Because sapphire can maintain its key attributes even when exposed to high heat, impact, and pressure applications with a strong resistance to abrasions and chemicals, it is well-suited to a lot of military applications from direct combat to surveillance.
Many military vehicles, for example, use these windows made with layered sapphire as a protective layer of transparent shielding in place of conventional vehicle glass. This includes air vehicles like fighter jets, to waterborne vehicles such as submarines, both of which rely on the sapphire glass’s high resistance to abrasion and pressure.
Lasers, weapon sights, and even bulletproof armor often incorporate some form of sapphire layered into the application, relying on the resistance to abrasive materials, heat, and impact the material provides.
Medical Uses: Lab Tests to Plungers
The medical industry is familiar with the precise needs of its equipment. Sapphire has long since provided a stable and reliable source of equipment and shields to help aid in technological advancements and proper diagnoses.
Sapphire rods are often used for dental laser devices, and while ceramic is largely used for dental implants now as it is closer to the color and texture of teeth, sapphire was once a common material.
Other medical applications include surgical knife blades, hematology filters for laboratory tests, and protective window materials for endoscopes.
Sapphire has long since been a primary component in medical-grade equipment because the glass is resistant to scratching and wear which can harbor dangerous bacteria.
A great example of this is with medical plunger pumps, where the glass may see a wide variety of bacterial, chemical, or biological material.
Additionally, sapphire is easy to disinfect and easy to see through when necessary, protecting the softer metals of precision equipment in cases where it may need to touch biological or chemical material.
Luxury and Daily Uses: Camera Lenses to Eyeglasses
One application of a sapphire window that you might use every day is its application in the common eyeglass lens. These sapphire windows are often AR coated to prevent glare caused by light reflecting on the surface of the optical windows, as well as to protect your eyes from harmful UV rays.
While only higher-end eyeglasses will be made with sapphire for the ultimate UV protection, it is still a common material. Many cheap alternatives strive to – and often fail – achieve the same level of quality expected from a sapphire eyeglass.
Sapphire windows have also been notably used in other non-industrial applications such as smartphone screens and luxury watches. While these watches are expensive, they are also held to a higher standard.
Where some low-end watches might have a plastic or flame fusion crystal as the window, these products are still susceptible to scratching and everyday wear. Sapphire crystal windows, however, are virtually scratch-proof and will withstand daily wear better than any other material on the market currently.
Often, luxury applications of synthetic sapphire are meant to provide the wearer with peace of mind of scratch resistance that also provides gemstone-like beauty.
Key Attributes Of Sapphire Windows
While sapphire glass is not the most inexpensive window due to the intensive manufacturing process required to create them, these windows are highly versatile and could be custom created in a variety of applications outside of their current uses. (2)
These, among other key attributes, are what make sapphire glass such an appealing opportunity for manufacturing strong and reliable goods that need a high level of durability and optical performance:
Grades of Quality: Optics And Manufacturing
Custom sapphire glass and windows are graded on a quality scale of 1 through 6 which defines several optical and physical properties, with grade 1 being the purest form, completely free of insertions, micro-bubbles, scattering, and block boundaries. Grade 1, also known as optical quality windows, is considered the ideal choice for optical applications as there is no debris to hinder visual study.
Though, there is no singularly agreed upon “highest quality” windows as the custom application can determine the needs in quality. This often leads manufacturers to instead grade the quality of windows by its intended use, with set optical grades and technical grades, rather than a single grade.
Optical applications, for example, might be windows that have the smallest amount of light scatter or distortion, or lack of solarization on exposure to ultraviolet light.
In mechanical applications, the light scatter of sapphire windows will not matter as much as its ability to withstand high pressure and maintain sound structural integrity.
Optical Window Properties
When formed into a window, sapphire has a robust ability to weather the conditions of many industrial applications, all while providing a clear optical viewpoint when observation is necessary.
Higher window grades are known to be purer, better for more precise optical applications, while lower grades are just as strong, though they may show signs of impurities.
Lower grades of windows are best used in mechanical applications where optical viewing is often not necessary, however, for windows, windshields, observation barriers, glasses, and microscopes, the windows optical properties are paramount.
Optical grade windows are more likely to be AR coated to reduce light reflection on the glass as well, providing a near-transparent optical experience for the viewer.
Extreme Strength
A sapphire window can withstand a significant amount of force to support a rigid structure under high pressure and in extreme thermal applications, providing an environmental barrier where observation is still necessary.
Providing this level of strength is necessary for almost all applications, whether it is providing scratch resistance or safety from high pressure or high temperature environments.
While sapphire has an impressive compression resistance, it can still be cracked if the structural integrity is compromised. For this reason, it is important to always ensure the design of any safety equipment or viewport allows sufficient structural integrity to accommodate the intended application.
For example, high-pressure applications such as submarine windows rely on its abrasion resistant properties to prevent saltwater from eroding the material, however, the glass must be thick enough to resist the intended pressure as well, and the submarine should never go below the depth at which it is rated for.
Surface Flatness of Windows
The flatness of a glass surface is critical for performance in optical applications, especially in glasses or microscopes where even the slightest wave or bubble can cause incredible variation in the results achieved, making it useless for the application.
Surface flatness is often defined as how accurately the surface conforms to the intended shape.
Thus, flatness does not need to be a grade of how level the glass is, but it can also grade how the glass contours to the specifically desired shapes in the final products such as smoothly beveled or curved surfaces.
Flatness is typically conventionally measured using any stable short-wavelength surface for the highest precision, though it may also be assessed optically for applications that require less precise measurement.
Precision Sapphire Windows Manufacturing with Analytical Components
If you are looking to take your precision sapphire windows manufacturing to the next level, Analytical Components is the right choice for your supply needs. We manufacture only the highest-grade optical window stock products and assemblies with the tightest tolerances in the hard materials industry.
Precision manufacturing is our passion, and we take pride in knowing our materials and practices are among the best in the market. Achieving the level of quality in our manufacturing practices allows us to service a variety of industries with products essential to their function.
Our expert engineers are proud to provide companies with special components ranging from flat stock assemblies to pistons, rods, windows, spacers, and many other industrial products made from sapphire and technical precision optics.
Request An Order Today
To place a custom qty sapphire order or request more information about one of our products or services, please use one of the contact options available or the Request A Quote form.
A team member from Analytical Components will get in touch with you shortly to learn more about your project and help walk you through our in-depth process and ensure we can accommodate your needs with the right windows, products, and quantity buy.